![]() P Paganism, 177 Palladius (floruit mid-fourth century BCE), 179 Peripatetic School, 179 Philo of Byzantium (260–180 BCE), 180 Philolaus (floruit fifth century BCE), 180 Philosophy, 181 ![]() O Old Testament (Hebrew Bible), 173 Oribasius (floruit fourth century CE), 175 M Magi, 139 Magic, 140 Magna Graecia, 141 Marine Science, 142 Mathematics, 144 Maximus of Ephesus (floruit fourth century CE), 145 Medicine, 146 Mesopotamia (3500–550 BCE), 148 Meteorology, 152 Miletus, 153 Military Science, 155 Mountains, 158 Myth, 161 Logos, 134 Lucretius (floruit first century BCE), 135 Lyceum, 138 L Later Roman Empire (180–565 CE), 129 Leucippus (floruit fifth century BCE), 131 Life Sciences, 132 Galen (130–200 CE), 85 Gaza, 87 Geminus (floruit first century CE), 88 Geography/Geodesy, 88 Greek Archaic Age (800–500 BCE), 94 Greek Classical Age (500–323 BCE), 95 Greek Hellenistic Age (323–31 BCE), 98 Iamblichus (250–325 CE), 121 Ionians, 122 Iron Age, 123 Irrigation Techniques, 124 I F Frontinus, Sextus Julius (floruit late first century and early second century CE), 83 H Hecataeus of Miletus (floruit 500 BCE), 101 Hellanicus of Lesbos (floruit fifth century BCE), 101 Hellenism, 102 Heraclides of Pontus (floruit fourth century BCE), 103 Heraclitus of Ephesus (540–480 BCE), 104 Hero (62–152 CE), 104 Herodotus of Halicarnassus (490–430 BCE), 105 Herophilus of Chalcedon (floruit third century BCE), 107 Hesiod (floruit late eighth century BCE), 107 Hipparchus (190–120 BCE), 109 Hippo of Croton (floruit late fifth century BCE), 109 Hippocrates (460–377 BCE), 109 History, 112 Homer (floruit eighth century BCE), 115 Hydraulics, 117 Hypatia of Alexandria (370–415 CE), 119 Introduction, xi Science in the Ancient World: An EncyclopediaĪsclepiades (floruit first century BCE), 26 Asclepius/Asclepiads, 27 Asia, East and South, 29 Astronomy, 30 Athenaeus (floruit early third century CE), 35 Athens, 35 Atoms, 39 Aurelius, Marcus (121–180 CE), 40 Aurelius Augustine (354–430 CE), 42Īcademy, 1 Aelian, Claudius (floruit early third century CE), 2 Agathemerus (floruit first century CE), 3 Agriculture, 3 Alcmaeon (floruit early sixth century BCE), 6 Alexander of Macedon (356–323 BCE), 7 Alexandria, 9 Ammianus Marcellinus (325–395 CE), 11 Anaxagoras of Clazomenae (500–428 BCE), 13 Anaximander of Miletus (610–540 BCE), 15 Anaximenes of Miletus (585–525 BCE), 15 Apollonius of Perga (floruit 235 BCE), 16 Archelaus of Athens (floruit fifth century BCE), 17 Archimedes (287–212 BCE), 17 Aristarchus of Samos (310–230 BCE), 19 Aristotle (384–322 BCE), 20 Arrian (89–180 CE), 25ī Babylon, 45 Bronze Age (3500–800 BCE), 46Ĭ Caesar, Julius (100–44 BCE), 51 Calendars and Dating Systems, 52 Cato, Marcus Porcius (Elder) (234–149 BCE), 55 Celsus (floruit 25 CE), 56 Cicero (106–43 BCE), 57 Columella (5 BCE–60 CE), 58 Commentators, 58ĭ Democritus (460–370 BCE), 63 Diogenes Laertius (floruit third century CE), 65 Diogenes of Apollonia (floruit late fifth century BCE), 65 Dreams, 66Į Easter, 69 Egypt, 69 Eleatic School, 72 Elements, 72 Empedocles (495–435 BCE), 73 Engineering and Technology, 74 Epictetus (55–135 CE), 76 Epicureanism, 76 Epicurus (341–271 BCE), 77 Erasistratus (275–194 BCE), 78 Eratosthenes (276–195 BCE), 78 Euclid (floruit 300 BCE), 79 Eudoxus of Cnidus (408–352 BCE), 81 Eunapius (floruit fifth century CE), 82 ![]() Manufactured in the United States of America Box 1911 Santa Barbara, California 93116-1911 This book is printed on acid-free paper. Series: ABC-CLIO’s history of science series. (History of science series) Includes bibliographical references and index. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Lawson, Russell M., 1957– Science in the ancient world : an encyclopedia / Russell M. ![]() No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, except for the inclusion of brief quotations in a review, without prior permission in writing from the publisher. Santa Barbara, California Denver, Colorado Oxford, England Science in the Ancient World An Encyclopedia Russell M.
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